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                <p>在上一篇文章中我们介绍了一些内置的迭代器的基本使用，在这一篇文章中我们将继续对另外的一些迭代器进行学习，他们是RecursiveIterator（递归迭代器）系列迭代器，他们主要在需要对迭代器进行递归迭代时使用。</p>
<h3 id="RecursiveIterator迭代器"><a href="#RecursiveIterator迭代器" class="headerlink" title="RecursiveIterator迭代器"></a>RecursiveIterator迭代器</h3><p>RecursiveIterator迭代器接口继承Iterator迭代器，它为你的迭代器提供了递归访问的能力。使用它你可以很方便的对于一些多层数据行迭代处理，除了继承于Iterator迭代器的基本功能外，他还提供了hasChildren和getChildren两个方法。其中getChildRen的返回值必须是一个RecursiveIterator迭代器对象。</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;?php class AnRecursiveIterator implements RecursiveIterator</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    private $iterators;</span><br><span class="line">    private $index = 0;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    public function __construct(array $iterators)</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        $this-&gt;iterators = $iterators;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    public function current()</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        return $this-&gt;iterators[$this-&gt;index];</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    public function next()</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        $this-&gt;index++;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    public function key()</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        return $this-&gt;index;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    public function valid()</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        return isset($this-&gt;iterators[$this-&gt;index]);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    public function rewind()</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        $this-&gt;index = 0;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    /**</span><br><span class="line">     * 是否有子节点</span><br><span class="line">     * @return bool</span><br><span class="line">     */</span><br><span class="line">    public function hasChildren()</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        return is_array($this-&gt;iterators[$this-&gt;index]);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    /**</span><br><span class="line">     * 获取子节点迭代对象</span><br><span class="line">     * @return RecursiveIterator</span><br><span class="line">     */</span><br><span class="line">    public function getChildren(): RecursiveIterator</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        return new self($this-&gt;iterators[$this-&gt;index]);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">$iterator = new AnRecursiveIterator([1, 2, 3, 4, [5, 6, 7, [8, 9, 10, 11]]]);</span><br><span class="line">function recursive(RecursiveIterator $iterator, $i = 0)</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    foreach ($iterator as $key =&gt; $item) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        echo str_repeat(&quot;\t&quot;, $i);</span><br><span class="line">        if ($iterator-&gt;hasChildren()) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            echo $key . &#x27; has children&#x27; . PHP_EOL;</span><br><span class="line">            recursive($iterator-&gt;getChildren(), $i + 1);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125; else &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            echo $key . &#x27;.....&#x27; . $item . PHP_EOL;</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">recursive($iterator);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="RecursiveArrayIterator迭代器"><a href="#RecursiveArrayIterator迭代器" class="headerlink" title="RecursiveArrayIterator迭代器"></a>RecursiveArrayIterator迭代器</h3><p>RecursiveArrayIterator迭代器继承自ArrayIterator并实现了RecursiveIterator接口，所以它兼具了ArrayIterator迭代器和RecursiveIterator迭代器的功能。使用它你可以更加灵活的对数据进行遍历迭代。</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;?php $iterator = new RecursiveArrayIterator([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, &#x27;test&#x27; =&gt; [11, 22, 33, 44, 55, 66]], RecursiveArrayIterator::CHILD_ARRAYS_ONLY);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">function arrayRecursive(RecursiveArrayIterator $iterator, int $i = 0)</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    foreach ($iterator as $key =&gt; $item) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        echo str_repeat(&quot;\t&quot;, $i);</span><br><span class="line">        if ($iterator-&gt;hasChildren()) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            echo $key . &#x27; has children&#x27; . PHP_EOL;</span><br><span class="line">            arrayRecursive($iterator-&gt;getChildren(), $i + 1);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125; else &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            echo $key . &#x27;.....&#x27; . $item . PHP_EOL;</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">arrayRecursive($iterator);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="RecursiveCachingIterator迭代器"><a href="#RecursiveCachingIterator迭代器" class="headerlink" title="RecursiveCachingIterator迭代器"></a>RecursiveCachingIterator迭代器</h3><p>RecursiveCachingIterator迭代器是CachingIterator迭代器的子类并在此基础上实现了Countable、ArrayAccess、OuterIterator、RecursiveIterator接口。在CachingIterator迭代器基础上实现了递归迭代的能力。</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;?php $arrayIterator = new RecursiveArrayIterator([1, 2, 3, 4, 56, 7, 8, &#x27;test&#x27; =&gt; [11, 22, 33, 44, 55]]);</span><br><span class="line">$iterator = new RecursiveCachingIterator($arrayIterator, 256);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">function recursiveCaching(RecursiveCachingIterator $iterator, $i = 0)</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    foreach ($iterator as $item) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        if ($iterator-&gt;hasChildren()) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            echo $iterator-&gt;key() . &#x27; has children &#x27; . PHP_EOL;</span><br><span class="line">            recursiveCaching($iterator-&gt;getChildren(), $i+1);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125; else &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            echo $iterator-&gt;key() . &#x27;.....&#x27; . $item . PHP_EOL;</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">        if (!$iterator-&gt;hasNext()) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            echo $iterator-&gt;key() . &#x27; is the end element&#x27; . PHP_EOL;</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">recursiveCaching($iterator);</span><br><span class="line">//var_dump($iterator-&gt;getCache());</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="RecursiveCallbackFilterIterator迭代器"><a href="#RecursiveCallbackFilterIterator迭代器" class="headerlink" title="RecursiveCallbackFilterIterator迭代器"></a>RecursiveCallbackFilterIterator迭代器</h3><p>RecursiveCallbackFilterIterator迭代器CallbackFilterIterator并在此基础上实现了OuterIterator和RecursiveIterator接口。</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;?php class AnRecursiveCallbackFilterIterator extends RecursiveCallbackFilterIterator</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    public function accept()</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        return $this-&gt;current() &gt;= 3;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">function callback($value, $key, $iterator)</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    return $value &gt;= 5;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">$arrayIterator = new RecursiveArrayIterator([99, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, &#x27;test&#x27; =&gt; [11, 22, 33, 44, 55, 66, 77]]);</span><br><span class="line">$iterator = new AnRecursiveCallbackFilterIterator($arrayIterator, &#x27;callback&#x27;);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">function recursiveCallback(RecursiveCallbackFilterIterator $iterator, $i = 0)</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    foreach ($iterator as $item) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        echo str_repeat(&quot;\t&quot;, $i);</span><br><span class="line">        if ($iterator-&gt;hasChildren()) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            echo $iterator-&gt;key() . &#x27; has children &#x27; . PHP_EOL;</span><br><span class="line">            recursiveCallback($iterator-&gt;getChildren(), $i+1);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125; else &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            echo $iterator-&gt;key() . &#x27;.....&#x27; . $item . PHP_EOL;</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">recursiveCallback($iterator);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="RecursiveDirectoryIterator迭代器"><a href="#RecursiveDirectoryIterator迭代器" class="headerlink" title="RecursiveDirectoryIterator迭代器"></a>RecursiveDirectoryIterator迭代器</h3><p>RecursiveDirectoryIterator继承自FilesystemIterator并实现了SeekableIterator和RecursiveIterator 接口，除了来自父类和实现接口的一些方法外他自身还提供了getSubPath、getSubPathname两个方法，他的迭代返回值为一个splFileInfo对象信息，这使得很容易的对目录进行迭代遍历。</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;?php &lt;?php</span><br><span class="line">$iterator = new RecursiveDirectoryIterator(__DIR__,RecursiveDirectoryIterator::SKIP_DOTS);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">function recursiveDir(RecursiveDirectoryIterator $iterator, $i = 0)</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    foreach ($iterator as $item) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        if ($iterator-&gt;isDir()) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            recursiveDir(new RecursiveDirectoryIterator($iterator-&gt;getPathname(),RecursiveDirectoryIterator::SKIP_DOTS), $i + 1);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125; else &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            var_dump($item);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">recursiveDir($iterator);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="RecursiveFilterIterator迭代器"><a href="#RecursiveFilterIterator迭代器" class="headerlink" title="RecursiveFilterIterator迭代器"></a>RecursiveFilterIterator迭代器</h3><p>RecursiveFilterIterator迭代器是FilterIterator的子类并实现了OuterIterator和RecursiveIterator接口，使用它你可以对迭代对象的输出进行迭代过滤。</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;?php class AnRecursiveFilterIterator extends RecursiveFilterIterator</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    public function __construct(RecursiveIterator $iterator)</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        parent::__construct($iterator);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    public function accept()</span><br><span class="line">    &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        return $this-&gt;hasChildren() || strpos((string)$this-&gt;current(), &#x27;1&#x27;) !== false;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">$arrayIterator = new RecursiveArrayIterator([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, new RecursiveArrayIterator([11, 22, 33, 44, 55, 66])]);</span><br><span class="line">$iterator = new AnRecursiveFilterIterator($arrayIterator);</span><br><span class="line">function RecursiveFilter(RecursiveFilterIterator $iterator, $i = 0)</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    foreach ($iterator as $item) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        echo str_repeat(&quot;\t&quot;, $i);</span><br><span class="line">        if ($iterator-&gt;hasChildren()) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            echo $iterator-&gt;key() . &#x27; has children&#x27; . PHP_EOL;</span><br><span class="line">            RecursiveFilter($iterator-&gt;getChildren(), $i + 1);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125; else &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            echo $iterator-&gt;current() . &#x27;.....&#x27; . $item . PHP_EOL;</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">RecursiveFilter($iterator);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="RecursiveIteratorIterator迭代器"><a href="#RecursiveIteratorIterator迭代器" class="headerlink" title="RecursiveIteratorIterator迭代器"></a>RecursiveIteratorIterator迭代器</h3><p>RecursiveIteratorIterator迭代器是OuterIterator迭代器的实现接口，使用它你可以对实现了RecursiveIterator的迭代器进行迭代。</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;?php $arrayIterator = new RecursiveArrayIterator([1, 2, 3, 4, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5],</span><br><span class="line">    new RecursiveArrayIterator([12222, 333333, new RecursiveArrayIterator([1111, 2222, 3333, 4444])])]);</span><br><span class="line">$iterator = new RecursiveIteratorIterator($arrayIterator);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">function RecursiveIterator(RecursiveIteratorIterator $iterator)</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    foreach ($iterator as $item) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        echo str_repeat(&quot;\t&quot;, $iterator-&gt;getDepth());</span><br><span class="line">        echo $iterator-&gt;getDepth() . &#x27;....&#x27; . $item . PHP_EOL;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">RecursiveIterator($iterator);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="RecursiveRegexIterator迭代器"><a href="#RecursiveRegexIterator迭代器" class="headerlink" title="RecursiveRegexIterator迭代器"></a>RecursiveRegexIterator迭代器</h3><p>RecursiveRegexIterator是RegexIterator迭代器的子类，并在此基础上实现了RecursiveIterator迭代器接口，使得你可以对迭代的数据应用正则过滤。</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;?php $arrayIterator = new RecursiveArrayIterator([12, 3, &#x27;abc123&#x27;, &#x27;bac213&#x27;, [1122, 2233, 3344, 4455]]);</span><br><span class="line">$iterator = new RecursiveRegexIterator($arrayIterator, &#x27;/^[123]/&#x27;);</span><br><span class="line">function RecursiveRegex(RecursiveRegexIterator $iterator)</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    foreach ($iterator as $item) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        if ($iterator-&gt;hasChildren()) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            RecursiveRegex($iterator-&gt;getChildren());</span><br><span class="line">        &#125; else &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            var_dump($item);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">RecursiveRegex($iterator);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="RecursiveTreeIterator迭代器"><a href="#RecursiveTreeIterator迭代器" class="headerlink" title="RecursiveTreeIterator迭代器"></a>RecursiveTreeIterator迭代器</h3><p>RecursiveTreeIterator迭代器是一个树形结构迭代器，使用它你可以很方便的遍历一个树形结构。</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;?php $arrayIterator = new RecursiveArrayIterator([1, 2, [3, 4, [5, 6, 7], 8], 9, 10]);</span><br><span class="line">$iterator = new RecursiveTreeIterator($arrayIterator);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">foreach ($iterator as $key =&gt; $value) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    echo $value . PHP_EOL;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
                
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